Quick Answer
A title search is an examination of applicable public records to identify ownership and matters affecting real estate. The search covers deeds, mortgages, liens, judgments, easements, tax records, and other recorded documents to determine the condition of the title.
Before any real estate transaction closes, a title search is performed. This is one of the most important steps in the entire process. Here is what it involves and why it matters.
Why Is It Necessary?
A title search is necessary to determine who owns the property and what claims or encumbrances exist against it. Without a thorough search, you could buy a property and later discover that someone else has a legal claim to it, or that there are liens you did not know about.
The search protects everyone involved in the transaction: the buyer, the seller, the lender, and the title company. It is the foundation for the title commitment and the title insurance policies that follow.
Is a Title Search the Same as a Property DNA Report?
No. This is an important distinction. A title search is a formal examination of public records performed as part of the title insurance process. It is conducted by or on behalf of a title insurer and is designed to identify matters that affect the condition of the title.
A Property DNA Report is a separate, informational research report provided by 1st Option Title. It gives you a broad picture of a property's recorded history, including liens, judgments, ownership information, and potential issues. However, a Property DNA Report is not a title search. It is not a title commitment. It is not title insurance. It is not a legal opinion about ownership. It is an informational research resource designed to help you make informed decisions early in the process. Always consult qualified professionals for formal title services.
Despite these differences, a Property DNA Report can be a valuable first step in property research. Order a free Property DNA Report to get started.
What Happens After the Search?
After the title search is completed, the title company examines the findings, prepares a title commitment, and works to resolve any issues that were discovered. Learn what happens when a title search finds a problem for more detail.
If you are ready to get started on a transaction, open title with 1st Option Title today.
Key Takeaway
A title search is a formal examination of public records performed as part of the title insurance process. It is not the same as a Property DNA Report, which is an informational research tool. Both have value, but they serve different purposes.
FAQs
How long does a title search take?
A typical title search takes a few days to a week, depending on the property's location, complexity, and the county records system. Some counties have digitized records that make searching faster. Others require physical searches of older records.
Who pays for the title search?
The cost of the title search is typically included in the title company's fees and is paid at closing. The specific allocation between buyer and seller depends on the purchase contract and local custom.
Can I do my own title search?
You can, but it is not recommended. Title searching requires training, experience, and access to records that may span multiple county offices, court systems, and decades of history. A professional title search is part of what you get when you work with a title company.